Introduction
Patton & Jones is a historically significant American clockmaking partnership active from the late 18th to early 19th century. Their tall case clocks are rare, highly collectible, and deeply tied to early American horological history. According to documented research, Patton & Jones operated in Philadelphia and Baltimore between roughly 1798 and 1814, serving as major wholesalers and retailers of clock and watch materials. A tall case clock signed by Patton & Jones is even recorded as having been purchased by George Washington.
A modern restoration demonstration by James Martin showcases the inspection and overhaul of a Patton & Jones grandfather clock movement, providing valuable insight into the construction, wear patterns, and servicing needs of these early American clocks. This guide presents a complete restoration framework for Patton & Jones tall case clocks, covering movement design, casework, weight systems, strike mechanisms, and long-term preservation.
The Patton & Jones Clockmaking Tradition
Origins and early development
The firm of Patton & Jones was formed by Abraham Patton and Samuel G. Jones, both trained under the respected Leslie & Price clockmaking firm. They operated shops on Market Street in Philadelphia and Baltimore, advertising extensively between 1800 and 1813. Their clocks reflect early Federal-period American craftsmanship, combining imported components with locally assembled movements and cases.
Early American tall case clock production
Tall case clocks from this era typically featured:
- Hand-built wooden cases in mahogany, walnut, or cherry
- Painted iron dials with Roman numerals
- Brass weight-driven movements
- Rack-and-snail or countwheel strike systems
- Eight-day running duration
Patton & Jones clocks are known for their elegant proportions, fine veneers, and high-quality movement construction.
The Patton & Jones Grandfather Clock
Manufacturer background
Patton & Jones clocks are rare survivors of early American horology. Their tall case clocks often feature painted dials bearing the firm’s name, sometimes accompanied by original paper labels on the back of the dial or inside the case. The partnership dissolved after the death of Isaac Price, who had been associated with the firm’s earlier iteration, Patton, Jones & Co..
Typical features
A Patton & Jones grandfather clock typically includes:
- Brass eight-day movement
- Weight-driven time and strike trains
- Painted iron dial with floral or patriotic motifs
- Mahogany or walnut case with Federal-period styling
- Brass finials, fretwork, and arched bonnet
Identifying an Authentic Patton & Jones Clock
Maker’s marks and labels
Authentic examples often include:
- “Patton & Jones” painted on the dial
- Paper labels or inscriptions inside the case
- Movement construction consistent with early 1800s American clocks
Case materials and styling
Federal-period tall case clocks typically feature:
- Mahogany veneers with crotch or flame patterns
- Broken-arch pediments
- Fluted or reeded columns
- Brass finials and decorative fretwork
Understanding the Weight-Driven Movement
The weights and pulleys
Patton & Jones clocks use two cast-iron or lead weights:
- One for the time train
- One for the strike train
Correct weight mass is essential. Incorrect replacements can cause poor timekeeping or mechanical damage.
The gear train
The gear train transfers weight power to the escapement. Wear, dirt, or bent pivots can disrupt smooth operation.
The escapement
Most early American tall case clocks use a recoil anchor escapement. Proper pallet alignment and pendulum adjustment are essential for accurate timekeeping.
Multi-Train Movement Configuration
Timekeeping train
The time train drives the hands and escapement. It must run freely with minimal friction.
Strike train
The strike train controls:
- Hour strike count
- Gong hammer motion
- Rack-and-snail or countwheel sequencing
The Escapement, Strike, and Gear Train System
Escapement operation
The recoil escapement releases energy to the pendulum and regulates the clock’s timing. Wear on pallets or escape wheel teeth can cause erratic operation.
Strike system behavior
The strike system relies on a rack-and-snail or countwheel mechanism. Dirt, wear, or bent levers can cause miscounts or failure to strike.
Gear train wear
Common issues include:
- Worn pivot holes
- Ovalized bushings
- Dirty or worn gear teeth
Common Problems in Patton & Jones Grandfather Clocks
Dried lubrication
Old oil becomes sticky and increases friction, preventing the movement from running properly.
Worn bushings
Excessive pivot wear causes gears to mesh improperly, leading to stoppage.
Damaged or mismatched weights
Incorrect weights can cause poor timekeeping or mechanical strain.
Strike miscounts
Bent levers or worn countwheel notches can cause incorrect striking.
Pendulum and beat issues
If the clock is out of beat, it will stop. Beat adjustment is essential.
Comprehensive Movement Servicing and Cleaning
Systematic disassembly and documentation
Each component should be removed, photographed, and labeled to ensure proper reassembly.
Cleaning techniques
Cleaning typically includes:
- Removing old oil
- Cleaning the gear train
- Polishing pivots
- Cleaning pulleys and weight cords
Weight cord and pulley servicing
Weight cords must be inspected and replaced if frayed. Pulleys should turn freely without wobble.
Gear Train, Escapement, and Strike Service
Gear and bushing replacement
Worn bushings must be replaced to restore proper pivot alignment.
Escapement adjustment
The pallets must be aligned correctly to ensure even impulses to the pendulum.
Strike system adjustment
Rack alignment, hammer lift, and gong clearance must be set correctly.
Case Restoration for Patton & Jones Clocks
Structural repairs
Federal-period cases may require:
- Veneer patching
- Regluing loose joints
- Stabilizing cracks
Finish restoration
Depending on condition, restoration may include:
- Cleaning and waxing
- French polishing
- Touch-up of worn finish
Dial and glass care
Painted iron dials should be cleaned carefully to preserve artwork. Glass panels and fretwork should be stabilized and preserved.
Final Assembly and Operational Testing
Movement installation
The movement must be reinstalled with proper alignment and secure mounting.
Initial setup
The clock should be tested for:
- Accurate timekeeping
- Proper strike count
- Even beat
- Reliable running over several days
Performance optimization
Fine adjustments to beat, pendulum length, and strike levers ensure long-term reliability.
Long-Term Care and Maintenance
Operating environment
Tall case clocks should be kept in stable temperatures and low humidity to protect wood and metal components.
Maintenance schedule
Cleaning and lubrication every few years extend the life of the movement.
Collector Value and Historical Significance
Market considerations
Patton & Jones clocks are highly valued due to their rarity, early American origin, and association with prominent historical figures such as George Washington.
Documentation and preservation
Proper documentation enhances collector value and assists future restorers.
Parts and Restoration Resources
Visit VintageClockParts.com to browse our extensively photographed inventory and find the exact components your project requires. Every part is individually photographed from multiple angles, ensuring you can make informed decisions for your valuable work on Patton & Jones clocks and all other vintage American and European timepieces.
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